For exploration functions, doctrine can be found in textbooks, papers, or other media for jurist opinions. Example of noteworthy doctrine would be the belief of J. Satrio, whose textbooks, papers, and lectures are actually a standard reference for practitioners in the field of civil legislation, and Yahya Harahap, whose writings have already been sought as source of clarifications for both legal and civil procedural law. Having said that, it should be pointed out that the vast majority of scholarship of J. Satrio and Y. Harahap has long been posted either in Dutch or Indonesian, and thus its accessibility to researchers with no requisite examining capacity in these languages will likely be limited.
, Indonesia masih memiliki banyak sasaran yang bisa menjadi simbol dari eksistensi asing/barat. Kedua
Rather than supplying stability on line, SAFENet claimed that they may in its place give increase to new fears, exactly where law enforcement can surface at any time in citizens’ digital Room. The virtual police could maybe wipe out the civic freedoms and on line civic House.
Kekuatan kontra intelijen juga sangat dibutuhkan dalam rangka menjaga kedaulatan dan mewaspai infiltrasi pihak luar yang sewaktu-waktu dapat menyerang.
eleven/S.D tahun 1946, tugas pokoknya sebagai berikut: ”Mengawasi semua aliran dan memusatkan segala minatnya kepada hajat-hajat dan tujuan-tujuan dari seseorang atau golongan penduduk yang ada atau timbul di daerah Republik Indonesia atau yang datang dari luar, yang dianggap dapat membahayakan kesentausaan Negara Indonesia dan sebaliknya membantu hajat dan cita-cita seseorang atau golongan penduduk yang bermaksud menyentausakan negara dan keamanan Republik Indonesia serta tugas riset dan analisis lainnya.”
(1) Each individual particular person shall be cost-free to decide on and also to follow the faith of his/her decision, to pick one’s education, to pick one’s work, to choose one’s citizenship, and also to choose one’s position of residence throughout the point out territory, to go away it and to subsequently return to it.
As some provisions had been struck down, there are actually gaps inside the law that the government however wants to deal with, which include which govt institution will likely be to blame for registering societal corporations. The government has but to handle these gaps or difficulty any utilizing restrictions.
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It isn't very clear which governing administration entire body is to blame for registering societal companies. Short article 8 of Legislation No. 17 of 2013 on Societal Organizations, which specified the registration authorities dependant on the geographical standard of an organization, was struck down with the Constitutional Courtroom in December 2014. The government hasn't supplied a Government Regulation on this matter.
Setelah Indonesia merdeka, penggunaan sistem parlementer dan multipartai, posisi daerah memiliki kwewnangan luas untuk mengatur rumah tangga sendiri. Pada masa demokrasi parlementer sejak 1950, dinamika politik semakin dinamis ditandai dengan jatuh-bangunnya kabinet-kabinet, namun daerah tetap diberi otonomi luas. Otonomi daerah mendapat sorotan ketika di Indonesia berlaku sistem demokrasi terpimpin. Kendali politik di tangan Soekarno menjadikan pemberian wewenang terbatas bagi daerah atau otonomi terbatas. Namun sejak lama otonomi daerah diterapkan di Indonesia, pada masa pemerintahan Soeharto merupakan masa paling kelam dan menyakitkan bagi daerah. Pemerintahan yang tirani-otoriter menjadikan daerah sebagai sapi perahan dan ditelantarkan secara sistematis atas nama pembangunan dan Pancasila. Pada situs web kenyataannya otonomi daerah baru dapat dilaksanakan dengan sungguh-sungguh pada era reformasi. Reformasi merupakan masa terang bagi masa depan otonomi daerah. Karena pada masa ini otonomi luas telah dimiliki kembali oleh daerah-daerah.
Praktik intelijen Indonesia pada period Orde Baru kerap dikenal sebagai "intelijen hitam"dimana intelijen beroperasi untuk mengatasi ancaman terhadap rezim penguasa.
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The civilian-controlled Ministry of Defense proposed to President Soekarno to form a strategic intelligence organization with a “civil character,” which didn't appear under the auspices of the navy. In July 1946, protection minister Amir Sjarifuddin tried to make a “
Legislation No. 17 of 2013 stipulates that overseas CSOs can only be build as foundations, not associations or societal corporations without having legal entity standing. The Regulation has a Unique category of “societal corporations founded by international citizens” (Chapter 13 of Regulation No.